French prosecutors have summoned Elon Musk as part of an ongoing investigation into alleged illegal content and platform practices linked to X, while US authorities have declined to assist in the case.
The investigation, led by the Paris prosecutor’s cybercrime unit, began in January 2025 and has expanded over time to include multiple allegations related to the platform and its artificial intelligence system, Grok. Authorities are examining potential offences, including the dissemination of child sexual abuse material, the creation of sexually explicit deepfakes, and failures to limit the spread of illegal content.
French prosecutors have also requested cooperation from the US Department of Justice. According to reporting, US officials declined to assist, citing concerns that the investigation could conflict with constitutional protections and may be politically motivated.
The Paris prosecutor’s office has stated that it is not aware of any formal refusal from US authorities and emphasised that the investigation is being conducted independently under French law.
The case has involved direct actions in France, including a search of X’s offices earlier in 2026. Prosecutors have also summoned former X chief executive Linda Yaccarino and other company representatives for voluntary interviews.
Investigators are examining how the platform’s systems and algorithms may have contributed to the distribution or visibility of prohibited content. The scope of the inquiry also includes whether AI-generated material produced by Grok could violate French law, particularly in cases involving explicit imagery or minors.
French authorities have indicated that the purpose of the interviews is to allow company representatives to present their position and explain compliance measures. Prosecutors have also stated that the investigation will continue regardless of whether those summoned appear.
The probe has widened beyond content moderation issues to include questions about data handling and the use of algorithms. Earlier stages of the investigation focused on alleged manipulation of platform systems and the use of personal data for targeted advertising.
Representatives of X have previously denied wrongdoing and described the investigation as politically motivated, according to reporting.
The inquiry remains ongoing, and no final determination has been announced regarding potential violations or enforcement actions.